See, it's funny because when King Solomon is known for his decision when two women came to him both claiming to be the mother of the same baby. Solomon suggested that the baby be cut in half with each woman getting half the baby. One mother thought this a fair decision, and the other woman begged for the child not to be cut in half. She was willing to relinquish her claim rather than let the baby die. Solomon then announced that the woman relinquishing her claim must be the real mother because she cared more for the baby's life than for her claim.
In the case of the comic, the two women both claim that be the owners of the atom. King Solomon apparently proposed the splitting of the atom.
Nuclear fission - splitting the atom - releases a massive amount of energy, hence the mushroom cloud.
Source - C-section comics
And there's a bonus panel...
